Ambitious targets for emission control and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions have already been introduced as binding standards in many countries. In the US state of California for example, the goal is to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases to 20% of 1990 levels by 2050.

Goals of this kind define the scope and the speed of the development of energy technologies, and they can only be achieved in the medium and long-term through the introduction and further development of new technologies (such as biogas, wind energy, solar energy, hydropower, and hydrogen technology). In the short-term, however, great success can be achieved by increasing the efficiency of energy generation, as well as in the use of energy, particularly in residential applications and the transport sector.

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